Second Sunday in Lent

The Second Sunday in Lent, which is 2/25 in A.D. 2025, finds the AIC actively engaged in updating our database of digital resources. The review and update involves taking a page-by-page review of all 22 of our printed books, plus the various Seasonal and Bible Study Video series. As of today, 2/24/2024, I have crossed the half-way point, having finished all the printed books, the Seasonal Videos (Advent, Great “O” Antiphons, Christmas, Twelve Days of Christmas, Epiphany, Gesima, Lent, Easter and Trinitytide), the Christian Education Videos (The War on Christianity; The Nicene Creed; The Lord’s Prayer; The Lives of the Saints, both the First and Second Series); and Episode One to Episode 7 in The New Testament: Gospels series. The image count stands at just over 2500, but this does not count duplicate versions (including different sizes; details; perspetive correction; brigthening effect; and other technical adjustments).

This week I am starting research on a new series of topical postings to Fr. Ron’s Blog. I begin this adventure with some material discovered in the examination of images from Constantinople before 1453. The Byzantine world produced some of the finest and most-inspiring examples of Christian art, including illuminated manuscripts, frescoes and mosaics in churches, cathedrals and monasteries in locations ranging from northeast France, where only one Byzantine building remains, to Asia Minor and the Holy Land. In my effort to make sure our citations are correct, I have had to re-visit online sites to verify a wide range of issues, including accuracy of content description, identity of the author/artist, the date or ranges of dates of creation/completion, as well as credit lines for photography, manuscript and folio numbers. Recently, this led me to revisit image of the Hagia Sophia, originally built in the reign of Emperor Justinian during the 6th C. and Chora Church (or Church of Our Saviour), the latter of which is used as the background image on this web site.

In this research I found a site that includes detailed study and imagery of Chora Church. Chora Church fell into serious decline and neglect during the period after the Crusader attack on Constantinople in 1204 A.D. For the following sixty years, until after the Byzantine Empire recaptured the city and surrounding areas Eastern Orthodox worship was effectively banned and replaced with Roman Catholic liturgies. In what is called the Late Byzantine revival in the late 13th and early 14th C. many of Byzantium’s finest buildings were restored or enlarged, including Chora Church. Between 1321 and 1321 Chora Church was repaired and improved. The two images I share today come from the Inner Narthex (which was the second Narthex, between the Outer Narthex entrance and the central Nave) and, on the right hand side, the Parakklesion, a long rectangular space which runs from the right hand end of the Outer Narthex down the long axis of the building and parallel Nave (or Naos) and the Altar (or Bema).

The first image shows a mosaic of the Blessed Virgin with Joseph and the Christ Child at center with Joachim and Anne, Mary’s parents, looking on. It is located in below the smallest of two domes in the Inner Narthex, which includes images related to Mary. At my former parish at St. Joseph’s Villa, Richmond, VA, there is a stained glass window which depicts Mary learning wisdom from her parents. (Image: Byzantologist. CC by NC-SA 2.0).

The second image is larger version of one which I used, based on a different source, in Easter: The Resurrection of Our Lord in Scripture, Art & Christian Tradition, available using the Virtual Bookstore link at the bottom of the Welcome page and on the AIC Bookstore page. The work is a Apse fresco placed at the far end of the Parakklesion. The title is Anastasis, which literally means “to stand up” and which is the Greek word for Resurrection. In this remarkable image Christ appears to yank Adam, in blue at left, with His right hand, and, with his left hand, Eve, in white, from Hades. Note that Jesus stands upon the destroyed gates of Hades, or Hell in the Western Church tradition and that there are keys remaining in the Pit (Abyssos in Greek). Surrounding the Christ figure, the saints and apostles look on. The figure at Jesus’ right, wearing a golden halo, is John the Baptist, always described as the Last Prophet of the Old Testament. (Image: Byzantologist. CC by NC-SA-2.0).

I hope you find these two images inspiring and spiritually uplifting in our age of secular decline. You can see a 16-page version or watch a companion video at http://www.SmartHistory.org under the heading Picturing Salvation-Chora’s Brilliant Byzantine Mosaics and Frescoes by Dr. Evan Freeman. This world could use a lot more of this kind of confident expression of the Christian Faith.

Next week, I will focus on The Blessed Alcuin of York, author of the Collect for Peace (“Almighty God, unto whom all hearts are open, all desires, known, and from whom no secrets are hid….’) in the Holy Communion liturgy in the 1928 Book of Common Prayer.

As always, thank you for your interest and support. Glory be to God for all things! Amen!